Difference between revisions of "Great Lakes Bathymetry"
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* Solution to bathymetric (negative) altitude values<ref>Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange. "Mars DTM has all negative elevations in QGIS. Can't build STL file for 3D print." [https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/217203/mars-dtm-has-all-negative-elevations-in-qgis-cant-build-stl-file-for-3d-print here].</ref>: using Raster Calculator, add bottom value to all height values | * Solution to bathymetric (negative) altitude values<ref>Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange. "Mars DTM has all negative elevations in QGIS. Can't build STL file for 3D print." [https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/217203/mars-dtm-has-all-negative-elevations-in-qgis-cant-build-stl-file-for-3d-print here].</ref>: using Raster Calculator, add bottom value to all height values | ||
# Create STL (Raster -> DEMto3D)<ref>Modified from Laguna Tools. "Max CNC Tutorial 3D Landscape." ''YouTube''. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ef6f6dwQbCc here].</ref> | # Create STL (Raster -> DEMto3D)<ref>Modified from Laguna Tools. "Max CNC Tutorial 3D Landscape." ''YouTube''. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ef6f6dwQbCc here].</ref> | ||
===Very Long, Detailed Workflow=== | |||
# Download QGIS | |||
# Download Great Lakes Bathymetry from [https://maps.ngdc.noaa.gov/viewers/wcs-client/ NOAA's Grid Extract Tool] | |||
# Download lakes shapefiles from [https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/530f8a0ee4b0e7e46bd300dd Science Base] | |||
# Open shapefiles in QGIS and merge each at border | |||
## Open first file, e.g. hydro_p_LakeErie.shp | |||
## Right click in Layers Panel and save as LakeEriebound | |||
## Remove original shapefile | |||
## Repeat for all needed | |||
## Select LakeEriebound in Layers Panel, click Select Features by area or single click | |||
## Hold shift, select both features in LakeEriebound on map | |||
## Click Toggle Editing (pencil icon) | |||
## Go to Edit -> Merge Selected Features | |||
## Check that LakeEriebound is now one polygon, Toggle Editing, save changes, then repeat for all shapefiles | |||
# Go to Vector -> Geoprocessing Tools -> Fixed distance buffer | |||
# Run as batch process by inputting each shapefile (LakeEriebound, etc.) into Input Layer, and buffer name (e.g. eriemask) in Buffer column. Used .2 Distance | |||
# Remove LakeEriebound, etc. from Layers Panel | |||
# Add bathymetry rasters from [https://maps.ngdc.noaa.gov/viewers/wcs-client/ NOAA's Grid Extract Tool], ensuring all area under buffers is included | |||
# Rename Buffer to eriemask, etc. | |||
# Go to Raster -> Extraction -> Clipper | |||
# Choose first lake input file and name output file (e.g. eriebath) | |||
# Choose mask layer and select relevant mask (e.g. eriemask) | |||
## If error <code>Output driver `GMT' not recognised . . .</code>, select pencil button next to output algorithm and change <code>-of GMT</code> to <code>-of GTIFF</code> | |||
## If black 0-level box appears after masking, delete the files and re-run with large (-99999) number and No Data Value box selected | |||
# Go to Raster -> Miscellaneous -> Merge and select two adjacent masked files | |||
[Running into issues with shared color values] | |||
==Laser Cut, Low Resolution== | ==Laser Cut, Low Resolution== |
Revision as of 21:35, 14 June 2017
Ideas
- Process of creating a 3D map of the area
- Try this map with these instructions
- For OSM information, use Geofabrik.de and reformat if necessary as described here[1]
Resources
- Downloadable Great Lakes bathymetric maps from NOAA
- All bathymetric maps from NOAA
- The USGS Earth Explorer is easier to use than the above, but requires a login and download client
- Natural Earth provides shapefiles for cultural and physical elements
Create STL for CNC Router or 3D Printer
Proprietary Workflow (Aspire)
Video walkthrough here
- Data pulled from NOAA's ETOPO1 images, available directly here which offers a 1-minute resolution of worldwide bedrock
- Add raster image to QGIS
- Select extent desired (Raster -> Extraction -> Clipper)
- Open in Aspire, follow directions from video
Tool speeds used in above image:
Print Pass | Tool Size | Feed Rate | Plunge Rate | Print Time |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rough Pass | .25" square bit | 15.0 mm/sec | 3.0 mm/sec | 1:30 |
Finish Pass | .125" ball nose | 25.0 mm/sec | 6.0 mm/sec | 4:30 |
Open Source Workflow
- Download ArcGrid DEM from USGS National Map or Earth Explorer (3DEP, 1/3 arc-second DEM)
- Unzip file
- Open QGIS, add Vector, add layer file (.adf)
- Select extent (Raster -> Extraction -> Clipper)
- Save as GeoTIFF
- Add GeoTIFF to model
- Analyze to DEM (Raster -> Analysis -> DEM [Terrain Models])
- If necessary, merge the DEMs
- A balance must be made between extent and resolution. 1:50,000 creates excellent models, but cannot contain an entire lake. Above that and the file crashes my system. A further note on resolution.
- Solution to bathymetric (negative) altitude values[2]: using Raster Calculator, add bottom value to all height values
- Create STL (Raster -> DEMto3D)[3]
Very Long, Detailed Workflow
- Download QGIS
- Download Great Lakes Bathymetry from NOAA's Grid Extract Tool
- Download lakes shapefiles from Science Base
- Open shapefiles in QGIS and merge each at border
- Open first file, e.g. hydro_p_LakeErie.shp
- Right click in Layers Panel and save as LakeEriebound
- Remove original shapefile
- Repeat for all needed
- Select LakeEriebound in Layers Panel, click Select Features by area or single click
- Hold shift, select both features in LakeEriebound on map
- Click Toggle Editing (pencil icon)
- Go to Edit -> Merge Selected Features
- Check that LakeEriebound is now one polygon, Toggle Editing, save changes, then repeat for all shapefiles
- Go to Vector -> Geoprocessing Tools -> Fixed distance buffer
- Run as batch process by inputting each shapefile (LakeEriebound, etc.) into Input Layer, and buffer name (e.g. eriemask) in Buffer column. Used .2 Distance
- Remove LakeEriebound, etc. from Layers Panel
- Add bathymetry rasters from NOAA's Grid Extract Tool, ensuring all area under buffers is included
- Rename Buffer to eriemask, etc.
- Go to Raster -> Extraction -> Clipper
- Choose first lake input file and name output file (e.g. eriebath)
- Choose mask layer and select relevant mask (e.g. eriemask)
- If error
Output driver `GMT' not recognised . . .
, select pencil button next to output algorithm and change-of GMT
to-of GTIFF
- If black 0-level box appears after masking, delete the files and re-run with large (-99999) number and No Data Value box selected
- If error
- Go to Raster -> Miscellaneous -> Merge and select two adjacent masked files
[Running into issues with shared color values]
Laser Cut, Low Resolution
Workflow
- Download shapefiles from NOAA. Superior bathymetry contours with unclear provenance is available here, with login
- Download and install QGIS and Inkscape[4]
- No need to extract files, open each in QGIS Desktop
- Add OpenStreetMap information if desired (the native support is not working at this time[5], but the plugin does)
- Right-click shapefile in left layers panel, select Properties
- Choose Filter, then create expression, e.g. "DEPTH" IN ('0', '1', '25', '50', '60')[6]
- It is helpful to use the Values box (make sure "Use unfiltered layer" is checked if changing an applied filter) to see the extent of the map's values
Other Sources
- Earth satellite imagery from USGS, esp. those over time
- ArcGIS contour map of the Great Lakes
- Live Access Servers hosted by NOAA/PMEL/TMAP provide information on air quality, ocean salinity, temperature, etc.
- LIDAR resources in case we want to machine it. I want to machine it.
- BBBike.org pulls from OSM, but extent is much too small.
- Using plywood (though very heavy) with the proper scale would approximate the contour lines of a topo map...
- Mosaicing and clipping rasters
- OceansMap, a well-aggregated set of realtime data about major bodies of water around the world, including the Great Lakes region
- Historical maps from the Army Corps of Engineers
- Portal for Great Lakes Observing System information from the Integrated Ocean Observing system
- The National Map combines many of the above resources
References
- ↑ Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange. "Load .osm.pbf file in Qgis." here.
- ↑ Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange. "Mars DTM has all negative elevations in QGIS. Can't build STL file for 3D print." here.
- ↑ Modified from Laguna Tools. "Max CNC Tutorial 3D Landscape." YouTube. here.
- ↑ Stack Exchange answer here
- ↑ "OpenStreetMap in QGIS." OpenStreetMap Wiki. here.
- ↑ Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange. "QGIS choose contour line labels." Here